Difference between revisions of "TCF112/The Breakdown of Hollywood Classicism"

From Screenpedia
Jump to navigationJump to search
Screenpedia>TCFadmin
(Created page with "==The Arrival of Sound== *;The Jazz Singer (1927) **Al Jolson *;A backwards step for film art **Studio productions (no location work) **Fewer close-ups **Little or no camera ...")
 
 
(8 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
==The Arrival of Sound==
+
==Drastically declining profits==
  
−
*;The Jazz Singer (1927)
+
*Studios combined profits:
−
**Al Jolson
+
**1946 $121 million
−
*;A backwards step for film art
+
**1956 $32 million
−
**Studio productions (no location work)
+
*Actors under contract
−
**Fewer close-ups
+
**1947 742
−
**Little or no camera movement
+
**1956 229
−
**Dialogue heavy
+
==Cause of the Decline==
−
**No post-production mixing
 
−
***3 stages of production
 
−
***#Pre-production
 
−
***#"Production"
 
−
***#Post-Production
 
−
==Narrative structure==
 
  
−
*;Production Code (1934)
+
#"Baby Boom"
−
*;Conventional narrative structure
+
#*1945-60
−
**One or two protagonists
+
#Paramount Case
−
**Desire catylizes story
+
#*Hollywood film industry divided into:
−
**Antagonist
+
#**Production
−
**Cause-effect chain
+
#**Distribution
−
***A causes B (effect)
+
#**Exhibition
−
***B causes C (effect)
+
#**Which was vertically integrated
−
***C causes D
+
#*Major studios:
−
**Closure
+
#**MGM, Paramount, RKO, 20th Century-Fox, Warners
−
==Visual Style==
+
#*Minor studios:
 +
#**Columbia, Universal, UA
 +
#*For current studios, [http://www.tcf.ua.edu/Classes/Jbutler/T112/BoxOfficeReport.htm see "Box Office Report] "
 +
#*1948 Supreme Court orders "divorcement"
 +
#**Encourages "independent" production
 +
#***1958: 65% of US films created by indies
 +
#House Un-American Activities Comm.--HUAC
 +
#*1947 Investigations begun into presumed communist activities
 +
#**"Hollywood 10" refused to cooperate
 +
#**Studios ''initially'' resisted HUAC, but soon caved in
 +
#*1951 HUAC returned
 +
#**90 persons testified
 +
#**"Naming names"
 +
#**Blacklisting began
 +
#Rise of TV
 +
#*1947 14,000 TV sets in US
 +
#*1948 172,000
 +
#*1949 1,000,000
 +
#*1950 4,000,000
 +
#*End of '50s: 90% of US homes
  
−
*;Three-Point Lighting
+
==Response to and Effects of the Decline==
−
**Key, Fill and Back Lights
+
 
−
*;The Continuity Editing System ("invisible" editing)
+
#Technological innovations
−
**The 180 Degree Rule
+
##3-D
−
***Axis of action
+
##Color
−
***Screen direction
+
##*1935 Becky Sharp
−
**Shot-counter shot
+
##**First 3-color Technicolor feature film
−
**Match cuts
+
##*1950s inexpensive Eastmancolor developed
−
***Match-on-action
+
##Stereo sound
−
***Eyeline match
+
##Widescreen aspect ratios
 +
##*Academy Ratio = 3 to 4
 +
##**Same as TV
 +
##**1 to 1.33333333... or
 +
##**1.33
 +
##*Cinerama
 +
##**Three-projector system
 +
##*CinemaScope--20th Century-Fox
 +
##**Anamorphic process
 +
##**1 to 2.35
 +
##*Masked widescreen
 +
##**1 to 1.85
 +
##*Film-to-video conversion
 +
##**[https://tvcrit.org/Classes/Jbutler/T112/TechnologicalResponsesToTV.php Examples from ''He Said, She Sai and Ronin]''
 +
##**Letterboxing
 +
##**Pan-and-scan
 +
#Changes in Subject Matter (Content)
 +
#*Breakdown of Production Code
 +
 
 +
[[Category:TCF112]]
 +
[[Category:TCF112 Lecture]]

Latest revision as of 19:55, 7 September 2019

Drastically declining profits

  • Studios combined profits:
    • 1946 $121 million
    • 1956 $32 million
  • Actors under contract
    • 1947 742
    • 1956 229

Cause of the Decline

  1. "Baby Boom"
    • 1945-60
  2. Paramount Case
    • Hollywood film industry divided into:
      • Production
      • Distribution
      • Exhibition
      • Which was vertically integrated
    • Major studios:
      • MGM, Paramount, RKO, 20th Century-Fox, Warners
    • Minor studios:
      • Columbia, Universal, UA
    • For current studios, see "Box Office Report "
    • 1948 Supreme Court orders "divorcement"
      • Encourages "independent" production
        • 1958: 65% of US films created by indies
  3. House Un-American Activities Comm.--HUAC
    • 1947 Investigations begun into presumed communist activities
      • "Hollywood 10" refused to cooperate
      • Studios initially resisted HUAC, but soon caved in
    • 1951 HUAC returned
      • 90 persons testified
      • "Naming names"
      • Blacklisting began
  4. Rise of TV
    • 1947 14,000 TV sets in US
    • 1948 172,000
    • 1949 1,000,000
    • 1950 4,000,000
    • End of '50s: 90% of US homes

Response to and Effects of the Decline

  1. Technological innovations
    1. 3-D
    2. Color
      • 1935 Becky Sharp
        • First 3-color Technicolor feature film
      • 1950s inexpensive Eastmancolor developed
    3. Stereo sound
    4. Widescreen aspect ratios
      • Academy Ratio = 3 to 4
        • Same as TV
        • 1 to 1.33333333... or
        • 1.33
      • Cinerama
        • Three-projector system
      • CinemaScope--20th Century-Fox
        • Anamorphic process
        • 1 to 2.35
      • Masked widescreen
        • 1 to 1.85
      • Film-to-video conversion
  2. Changes in Subject Matter (Content)
    • Breakdown of Production Code
Retrieved from "https://screenpedia.org/index.php?title=TCF112/The_Breakdown_of_Hollywood_Classicism&oldid=3287"